Spain+and+Latin+American+Colonies

1. ESPIRIT Chart

· agrarian society · haciendas = basis of wealth for Spanish aristocracy · Mining = key export · Encomienda system = replaced a system of labor drafts - Attracted large crowds, need of work · Europe = provided luxury items · Board of trade controlled commerce - Register of ships/passengers - Collection of taxes || · Social hierarchy based on race - Europeans at top - mestizos = higher status than the Indians - blacks/native americans = at bottom · Mixed marriages = common · Social hierarchy based on race · Women’s status = little power || · built on a juridical core and late body of letrdos · 18th century: period of reform in colonies = intensified coolonial relationships + revolts · l**etarados** had the power of the legislative & administrative offices · **recopliacion** codified the laws into the basis of govt in the colonies o **treaty of tordesillas** · was between Castile and Portugal · cleared up issues of spheres of influence and right of possession · drew a hypothetical north around the globe o king ruled the council of the Indies · issued laws and advised the king · two **viceroyalties** · were based in mexico city and Lima · direct representative kf the king · **audenicas** were supreme courts where royal magistrates helped make the law and reforce it  o Spanish missionaries replaced parishes and soon archbishops sat in major capitals which led to a church hierarchy · - clergy were supporters of state policy || · Religious books, poetry, intellectual life = ^^ · Clergy ran schools · Musicians/artists · Different combos of painting techs || there was wide spread conversions by Franciscans, Dominicans and jesuits to the Indians since the crown used conversion as justification for Spanish rule there were the opposes who advocated for Indian rights Spanish missionaries replaced parishes and soon archbishops sat in major capitals which led to a church hierarchy clergy were supporters of state policy || - Spain settled in : Cuba, Puerto Rico, Panama || algamation helped extract the silver from the mercury rock fire arms ||
 * E || ** Main Idea: Mining and agriculture dominated Latin America economy, but trade subtly affected the economy also. **
 * E || ** Main Idea: Mining and agriculture dominated Latin America economy, but trade subtly affected the economy also. **
 * S || ** Main Idea: There was little social mobility as one’s stance in society was based off of race. **
 * P || ** Main Idea: A beaurucratic system ruled Spanish American government. **
 * I || · Churches
 * R || ** Main Idea: the spanish saw christianity as superior to the beliefs of the native people. also the church structure was begining to change where they were closer to the state. **
 * I || ** Main Idea: Spain attempted in various ways to expand and further strengthen their empire.  **
 * T || ** Main Idea: there was little improvement or new technology that emerged due to the fact that serfs resented working **

2. Brasil Notes